一、安装Nginx：
1、解决依赖关系
编译安装nginx需要事先需要安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Development Libraries"。同时，还需要专门安装pcre-devel包：
# yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" "Server Platform Development"
# yum -y install pcre-devel2、安装
首先添加用户nginx，实现以之运行nginx服务进程： # groupadd -r nginx # useradd -r -g nginx nginx 调整系统当前时间 # date -s "04/07/2016 10:40:00" # tar xf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.8.1 接着开始编译和安装： # ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \--with-pcre \
--with-file-aio
3、为nginx提供SysV init脚本:
新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx，内容如下： #!/bin/bash # nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server # it is v.0.0.2 version. # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. # It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid RETVAL=0 prog="nginx" # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # Start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL } # Stop nginx daemons functions. stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx/nginx.pid } # reload nginx service functions. reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL 而后为此脚本赋予执行权限： # chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx 添加至服务管理列表，并让其开机自动启动： # chkconfig --add nginx # chkconfig nginx on 而后就可以启动服务并测试了：# service nginx start
报错：
Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] mkdir() "/var/tmp/nginx/client/" failed (2: No such file or directory)
[FAILED] # mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client/二、安装mysql-5.5.42
1、安装cmake编译工具及依赖软件
# yum install -y gcc-c++ # yum install -y cmake # yum install -y git # yum install -y readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel # yum install -y bison 再次编译即通过2、编译安装mysql-5.5.48
# tar xf mysql-5.5.48.tar.gz # cd mysql-5.5.48 # cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mydata -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci3、创建Mysql用户
添加mysql用户指定组id和用户id为306 # groupadd -r -g 306 mysql # useradd -g mysql -r -g 306 -s /sbin/nologin mysql # id mysql uid=994(mysql) gid=306(mysql) groups=306(mysql) 改变数据存储目录和安装目录的权限 # cd /usr/local/mysql 添加存放日志的目录# mkdir /data/binlogs
# mkdir /data/mydata
# chown -R :mysql ./* # chown -R mysql.mysql /data/4、启动脚本初始化数据库
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mydata 为mysql提供sysv服务脚本： # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf5、编辑/etc/my.cnf配置，加入以下内容
innodb_file_per_table = 1 datadir = /data/mydata log-bin=/data/binlogs/mysql-bin 注意： 经过实际测试innodb_file_per_table = ON这条参数需要innodb_file_per_table = 1 才能生效，具体可以通过mysql> show variables like '%per_table%';来查询 并修改此文件中thread_concurrency的值为你的CPU个数乘以2，比如这里使用如下行： thread_concurrency = 2 而后就可以启动服务测试使用了。 为了使用mysql的安装符合系统使用规范，并将其开发组件导出给系统使用，这里还需要进行如下步骤：6、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径：
编辑/etc/man.config，添加如下行即可： MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man7、输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include：
这可以通过简单的创建链接实现： # ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql8、输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径：
# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 而后让系统重新载入系统库： # ldconfig9、修改PATH环境变量，让系统可以直接使用mysql的相关命令
vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 加入 export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH三、编译安装php-5.2.17
1、解决依赖关系： # yum -y groupinstall "Desktop Platform Development" # yum install -y bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel # yum install -y libcurl-devel # yum install -y libmcrypt-devel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn * updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn Setting up Install Process No package libmcrypt-devel available. Error: Nothing to do 升级一下yum源，重新查找即可 # yum install -y epel-release 编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库： # tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz # cd libiconv-1.13.1/ # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv # make # make install cd ../ 2、解压编译 # tar xf php-5.2.17.tar.gz # gzip -cd php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1 # cd php-5.2.17 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \ --with-config-file-path=/etc \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-zlib \ --with-zlib-dir \ --with-libxml-dir=/usr \ --enable-xml \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-discard-path \ --enable-bcmath \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-sysvshm \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --with-curl --with-curlwrappers \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-fastcgi \ --enable-fpm \ --enable-force-cgi-redirect \ --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt \ --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-openssl \ --with-mhash \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-sockets \ --with-ldap \ --with-ldap-sasl \ --with-xmlrpc \ --enable-zip \ --enable-soap \ --with-bz2
合成一行 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-bz2 说明：如果前面第1步解决依赖关系时安装mcrypt相关的两个rpm包，此./configure命令还可以带上--with-mcrypt选项以让php支持mycrpt扩展。--with-snmp选项则用于实现php的SNMP扩展，但此功能要求提前安装net-snmp相关软件包。 配置参数说明： --prefix=[path]: 设定安装路径 --disable-debug: 编译时禁止加入调试符号 --enable-shmop: 启用shmop模块。Shmop is an easy to use set of functions that allows PHP to read, write, create and delete Unix shared memory segments. --with-gd: 增加GD库的支持。GD库，是php处理图形的扩展库。 --with-jpeg-dir=[DIR]: GD库中jpeg lib的安装路径的prefix '--with-png-dir=/usr/lib64' '--with-libxml-dir=/usr/lib64' '--with-zlib-dir=/usr/lib64': 与--with-jpeg-dir类似 --with-mysqli=FILE: 包含mysqli的支持。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used mysql_config --with-mysql=DIR: 包含mysql的支持。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used /usr/local --with-pdo-mysql=DIR: 支持PDO Mysql扩展模块。PDO扩展为PHP访问数据库定义了一个轻量级的、一致性的接口，它提供了一个数据访问抽象层，这样，无论使用什么数据库，都可以通过一致的函数执行查询和获取数据。如果DIR取值为mysqlnd，则 the MySQL native driver will be used /usr/local --enable-sockets: 增加socket支持 --with-iconv-dir=DIR: 激活iconv，iconv是默认激活的，会到默认路径中区搜索。iconv函数库能够完成各种字符集间的转换，是php编程中不可缺少的基础函数库。 --enable-mbstring: Enable multibyte string support --enable-mbregex：该选项默认开启。 MBSTRING: enable multibyte regex(正则表达式) support --enable-ftp: Enable FTP support --enable-gd-native-ttf: GD: Enable TrueType string function （ttf: TrueType string） --with-curl=[DIR]: Include cURL support --enable-fpm: Enable building of the fpm SAPI executable (非常重要的一个选项，用来开启FPM的支持) --enable-pcntl: Enable pcntl support (CLI/CGI only) (php进程控制扩展) --enable-sysvmsg: Enable sysvmsg support. 即System V消息队列 --enable-sysvsem: Enable sysvsem support. 即System V信号量 -enable-sysvshm: Enable sysvshm support. 即System V共享内存 php中对共享内存段的操作有两组函数：System V IPC和Shared Memory。 其中System V IPC系列函数能够更方便的操作数据，无需像Shared Memory那样必须自己掌握读写时的偏移量、长度等，也不用序列化/反序列化来回转换（因为Shared Memory函数只支持字符串格式的数据参数）。但是System V IPC系列不支持Windows，所以如果要在win环境下使用，只能选Shared Memory。 '--enable-zip': Include Zip read/write support --with-freetype-dir=DIR: GD库相关。 GD: Set the path to FreeType 2 install prefix -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 报错1： configure: error: libjpeg.(a|so) not found. configure: error: libpng.(a|so) not found. 处理： # ln -s /usr/lib64/libjpeg.so /usr/lib/ # ln -s /usr/lib64/libpng.so /usr/lib/ 报错2： configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.: # rpm -qa | grep ldap python-ldap-2.3.10-1.el6.x86_64 openldap-2.4.40-7.el6_7.x86_64 openldap-devel-2.4.40-7.el6_7.x86_64 处理 # cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/ configure: error: Please reinstall libmhash - I cannot find mhash.h # yum list all | grep mhash mhash.i686 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel mhash.x86_64 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel mhash-devel.i686 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel mhash-devel.x86_64 0.9.9.9-3.el6 epel # yum install -y mhash-devel 报错3： /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lltdl collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi] Error 1 # yum install -y *ltdl* 安装libtool-ltdl-devel 报错4： error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 解决办法如下： 1.在/etc/ld.so.conf中加一行/usr/local/lib， 2.然后运行/sbin/ldconfig，文件解决，没有报错 报错5： ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strpos': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:851: undefined reference to `libiconv_open' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:879: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:993: undefined reference to `libiconv_close' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_mime_encode': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1043: undefined reference to `libiconv_open' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1057: undefined reference to `libiconv_open' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1176: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1128: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1160: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1319: undefined reference to `libiconv_close' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1228: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1259: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1316: undefined reference to `libiconv_close' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1303: undefined reference to `libiconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_dtor': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2465: undefined reference to `libiconv_close' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_append_bucket': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2616: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2615: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2537: undefined reference to `libiconv' ext/iconv/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_ctor': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2491: undefined reference to `libiconv_open' ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.o: In function `convert': /root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:73: undefined reference to `libiconv_open' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:81: undefined reference to `libiconv' /root/php-5.2.17/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:101: undefined reference to `libiconv_close' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [sapi/cgi/php-cgi] Error 1 # make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' 重新编译的时候需要 # make clean -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # make
# make test
为php提供配置文件： # cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini 为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表： # cp /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm 编辑 /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm 在#!/bin/bash下面添加两行 #chkconfig:345 62 62 #description:php-fpm 
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm 开机启动 # chkconfig --add php-fpm # chkconfig php-fpm on 编辑/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 1、使用nginx用户 把下面两行的注释去掉 Unix user of processes <value name="user">nginx</value> Unix group of processes <value name="group">nginx</value> 2、对fpm参数做调整，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）： <value name="max_children">150</value> <value name="StartServers">20</value> <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value> <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value> 
接下来就可以启动php-fpm了： # service php-fpm start 使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）： # ps aux | grep php-fpm 四、整合nginx和php
创建Nginx日志目录 # mkdir -p /web/logs # mkdir -p /web/htdocs 赋权限 # chown -R nginx:nginx /web/ 1、编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，启用如下选项： user nginx nginx; worker_processes 8; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.php; access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log; location / { root /web/htdocs; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ \.php$ { root /web/htdocs; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } } 并在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，类似如下： location / { root /web/htdocs; index index.php index.html index.htm; } 而后重新载入nginx的配置文件： # service nginx reload 3、在/usr/html新建index.php的测试页面，测试php是否能正常工作： # vim /web/htdocs/index.php <?php phpinfo(); ?> 接着就可以通过浏览器访问此测试页面了。五、安装xcache，为php加速：
1、安装 # tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz # cd xcache-3.2.0 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20041225 Zend Module Api No: 20060613 Zend Extension Api No: 220060519 # ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make && make install 安装结束时，会出现类似如下行： Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/ 2、编辑php.ini，整合php和xcache： 首先将xcache提供的样例配置导入php.ini # mkdir /etc/php.d # cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d 说明：xcache.ini文件在xcache的源码目录中。 接下来编辑/etc/php.d/xcache.ini，找到extension开头的行，修改为如下行： extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/xcache.so 3、创建xcache缓存文件 touch /tmp/xcache #创建文件 chmod 777 /tmp/xcache #设置权限 4、创建xcache管理员密码为123456 echo -n "123456" | md5sum #记住类似下面一行代码（md5加密之后的密码），后面会用到 e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e 5、配置php支持xcache vi /etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件，在最后一行添加以下内容 [xcache-common] extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/xcache.so [xcache.admin] xcache.admin.enable_auth = On xcache.admin.user = "xcache" xcache.admin.pass = "e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e" [xcache] xcache.shm_scheme ="mmap" xcache.size=60M xcache.count =1 xcache.slots =8K xcache.ttl=0 xcache.gc_interval =0 xcache.var_size=64M xcache.var_count =1 xcache.var_slots =8K xcache.var_ttl=0 xcache.var_maxttl=0 xcache.var_gc_interval =300 xcache.test =Off xcache.readonly_protection = On xcache.mmap_path ="/tmp/xcache" xcache.coredump_directory ="" xcache.cacher =On xcache.stat=On xcache.optimizer =Off [xcache.coverager] xcache.coverager =On xcache.coveragedump_directory ="" 6、重新启动php-fpm# service php-fpm restart
通过phpinfo()函数看是否启用了xcache
